Las herramientas de edición de genes ayudan a detener la propagación de la resistencia a los antibióticos

 


El uso del sistema inmunitario bacteriano como herramienta de edición de genes podría ayudar a detener la propagación de la resistencia a los antibióticos, sugiere un nuevo estudio. Según la Organización Mundial de la Salud, la resistencia a los antibacterianos es una gran amenaza mundial. Alrededor de 5 millones de muertes cada año se deben al fracaso de los antibióticos para tratar la infección.


El estudio de los investigadores se publicó recientemente en Microbiology. David Walker-Sunderhaff, de la Universidad de Exeter, autor principal de la investigación, dijo que las bacterias a menudo desarrollan resistencia cuando los genes de resistencia se transportan entre las células huésped. Una forma en que esto sucede es a través de plásmidos. Estas hebras circulares de ADN pueden propagarse fácilmente entre las bacterias. El equipo de investigación utilizó el sistema de edición de genes CRISPR-Cas, que es capaz de romper hebras específicas de ADN.

Los investigadores diseñaron un plásmido que puede dirigirse específicamente a los genes de resistencia al antibiótico de uso común gentamicina.


Durante los experimentos de laboratorio, el plásmido protegió a su célula huésped del desarrollo de resistencia. Además, los investigadores encontraron que el plásmido revirtió efectivamente la resistencia mediante la transferencia de genes de resistencia a los antimicrobianos a los huéspedes. David Walker dijo que nuestra técnica muestra una promesa temprana en la superación de la resistencia en una amplia gama de bacterias diferentes. Esta investigación es un paso importante para futuros estudios sobre cómo los antibióticos pueden tratar las infecciones.

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